Demografía de Eslovenia
Este artículo describe las principales características de la demografía de Eslovenia
Población
editarSegún el censo de 2002, Eslovenia contaba con 1.964.036 habitantes. Ya para el 2020 se estima un total de 2,100,126 habitantes.[1] Con 95 hab./km², Eslovenia está en los últimos puestos entre los países europeos en densidad de población (comparar con los 320/km² para los Países Bajos o los 195/km² para Italia). Aproximadamente el 50% de la población total vive en áreas urbanas, mientras que el resto lo hace en áreas rurales.
Fecha del censo | Habitantes | Densidad de población / (habitantes por km²) |
---|---|---|
1948 | 1,391,873 | 20,271 |
1953 | 1,466,425 | 20,271 |
1961 | 1,591,523 | 20,271 |
1971 | 1,679,051 | 20,271 |
1981 | 1,838,381 | 20,271 |
1991 | 1,913,355 | 20,271 |
2002 | 1,964,036 | 20,271 |
2011 | 2,050,189 | 20,271 |
Etnias
editarLos principales grupos étnicos del país son: eslovenos (89%); croatas, serbios, bosnios y otras nacionalidades de la ex Yugoslavia (5,9%); y las minorías húngara e italiana (0,5%). La esperanza de vida en 2000 era de 71,8 años para los hombres y 79,5 años para las mujeres, sin embargo, en 2004 aumentó a 72,1 años para los hombres y 79,8 para las mujeres.
A partir de 2004, hay estimaciones de un número de personas borradas administrativamente que rondaría entre el 1% y el 10% (La Corte Suprema ordenó la reinstauración de los derechos de personas borradas en 2004)[2]
Idioma
editarEl idioma oficial es el esloveno, el cual es miembro del grupo de idiomas eslavos del sur. El húngaro y el italiano disfrutan de estatus de lengua oficial en las regiones étnicamente mezcladas a lo largo de las fronteras italiana y húngara.
Religión
editarSegún el Censo del 2002, la religión de la población eslovena se clasifica como : Católica: 57.8%, ateísmo 10.1%, Musulmanes 2.4%, cristianismo ortodoxo 2.3%, protestantismo 0.9%, con un total de 26.5% restante sin religión conocida. Según una encuesta realizada el 2019, la población se identificó como católica: 72.1%, Ninguna 18%, Ortodoxos 3.7%, Protestantes 0.9% Otros cristianos 1% Musulmanes 3%, otras religiones 3% y no declarado 2%.[3]
Estadísticas vitales
editarAverage population | Live births | Deaths | Natural change | Crude birth rate (per 1000) | Crude death rate (per 1000) | Natural change (per 1000) | Total fertility rate | Female fertile population (15–49 years) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1950 | 1,466,881 | 35,156 | 17,335 | 17,821 | 24.0 | 11.8 | 12.1 | 3.01 | 408,581 |
1951 | 1,480,245 | 34,020 | 18,497 | 15,523 | 23.0 | 12.5 | 10.5 | 2.90 | 404,031 |
1952 | 1,493,550 | 33,444 | 15,617 | 17,827 | 22.4 | 10.5 | 11.9 | 2.86 | 399,484 |
1953 | 1,508,428 | 33,754 | 14,948 | 18,806 | 22.4 | 9.9 | 12.5 | 2.86 | 394,935 |
1954 | 1,521,485 | 31,828 | 14,897 | 16,931 | 20.9 | 9.8 | 11.1 | 2.64 | 399,380 |
1955 | 1,533,998 | 32,096 | 15,109 | 16,987 | 20.9 | 9.8 | 11.1 | 2.61 | 403,825 |
1956 | 1,545,591 | 31,466 | 16,351 | 15,115 | 20.4 | 10.6 | 9.8 | 2.52 | 408,271 |
1957 | 1,556,521 | 30,086 | 14,545 | 15,541 | 19.3 | 9.3 | 10.0 | 2.41 | 405,284 |
1958 | 1,566,979 | 28,283 | 14,082 | 14,201 | 18.0 | 9.0 | 9.1 | 2.22 | 409,354 |
1959 | 1,576,204 | 28,432 | 15,357 | 13,075 | 18.0 | 9.7 | 8.3 | 2.23 | 409,202 |
1960 | 1,580,145 | 27,825 | 15,145 | 12,680 | 17.6 | 9.6 | 8.0 | 2.20 | 405,210 |
1961 | 1,595,450 | 28,955 | 14,013 | 14,942 | 18.1 | 8.8 | 9.4 | 2.33 | 401,219 |
1962 | 1,604,980 | 29,035 | 15,866 | 13,169 | 18.1 | 9.9 | 8.2 | 2.28 | 410,687 |
1963 | 1,614,414 | 29,174 | 15,102 | 14,072 | 18.1 | 9.4 | 8.7 | 2.27 | 410,442 |
1964 | 1,630,553 | 29,184 | 16,729 | 12,455 | 17.9 | 10.3 | 7.6 | 2.30 | 404,812 |
1965 | 1,650,413 | 30,587 | 15,987 | 14,600 | 18.5 | 9.7 | 8.8 | 2.43 | 413,598 |
1966 | 1,669,606 | 30,941 | 15,248 | 15,693 | 18.5 | 9.1 | 9.4 | 2.47 | 421,820 |
1967 | 1,690,939 | 29,824 | 16,353 | 13,471 | 17.6 | 9.7 | 8.0 | 2.37 | 431,579 |
1968 | 1,703,708 | 28,580 | 17,446 | 11,134 | 16.8 | 10.2 | 6.5 | 2.25 | 444,518 |
1969 | 1,714,022 | 27,883 | 18,564 | 9,319 | 16.3 | 10.8 | 5.4 | 2.18 | 447,334 |
1970 | 1,726,513 | 27,432 | 17,354 | 10,078 | 15.9 | 10.1 | 5.8 | 2.11 | 448,739 |
1971 | 1,738,101 | 28,278 | 17,425 | 10,853 | 16.3 | 10.0 | 6.2 | 2.17 | 451,193 |
1972 | 1,751,506 | 28,713 | 18,153 | 10,560 | 16.4 | 10.4 | 6.0 | 2.16 | 447,843 |
1973 | 1,766,125 | 29,548 | 17,614 | 11,934 | 16.7 | 10.0 | 6.8 | 2.21 | 453,882 |
1974 | 1,782,470 | 28,625 | 17,206 | 11,419 | 16.1 | 9.7 | 6.4 | 2.12 | 454,814 |
1975 | 1,800,022 | 29,786 | 18,180 | 11,606 | 16.5 | 10.1 | 6.4 | 2.18 | 460,560 |
1976 | 1,819,276 | 30,339 | 18,157 | 12,182 | 16.7 | 10.0 | 6.7 | 2.19 | 458,903 |
1977 | 1,839,358 | 29,904 | 17,633 | 12,271 | 16.3 | 9.6 | 6.7 | 2.16 | 457,783 |
1978 | 1,862,620 | 30,354 | 18,357 | 11,997 | 16.3 | 9.9 | 6.4 | 2.20 | 452,406 |
1979 | 1,882,304 | 30,604 | 18,148 | 12,456 | 16.3 | 9.6 | 6.6 | 2.19 | 459,736 |
1980 | 1,901,208 | 29,902 | 18,820 | 11,082 | 15.7 | 9.9 | 5.8 | 2.11 | 467,064 |
1981 | 1,917,469 | 29,220 | 18,733 | 10,487 | 15.2 | 9.8 | 5.5 | 1.97 | 476,888 |
1982 | 1,924,877 | 28,894 | 19,647 | 9,247 | 15.0 | 10.2 | 4.8 | 1.93 | 481,591 |
1983 | 1,933,104 | 27,200 | 20,703 | 6,497 | 14.1 | 10.7 | 3.4 | 1.81 | 483,848 |
1984 | 1,942,802 | 26,274 | 20,214 | 6,060 | 13.5 | 10.4 | 3.1 | 1.75 | 485,852 |
1985 | 1,973,151 | 25,933 | 19,854 | 6,079 | 13.1 | 10.1 | 3.1 | 1.72 | 488,181 |
1986 | 1,980,718 | 25,570 | 19,499 | 6,071 | 12.9 | 9.8 | 3.1 | 1.67 | 496,670 |
1987 | 1,989,462 | 25,592 | 19,837 | 5,755 | 12.9 | 10.0 | 2.9 | 1.65 | 505,330 |
1988 | 1,999,988 | 25,209 | 19,126 | 6,083 | 12.6 | 9.6 | 3.0 | 1.63 | 507,570 |
1989 | 1,999,404 | 23,447 | 18,669 | 4,778 | 11.7 | 9.3 | 2.4 | 1.53 | 508,739 |
1990 | 1,998,090 | 22,368 | 18,555 | 3,813 | 11.2 | 9.3 | 1.9 | 1.46 | 510,180 |
1991 | 2,001,768 | 21,583 | 19,324 | 2,259 | 10.8 | 9.7 | 1.1 | 1.42 | 511,850 |
1992 | 1,995,832 | 19,982 | 19,333 | 649 | 10.0 | 9.7 | 0.3 | 1.33 | 512,188 |
1993 | 1,990,623 | 19,793 | 20,012 | -219 | 9.9 | 10.1 | -0.1 | 1.33 | 511,701 |
1994 | 1,988,850 | 19,463 | 19,359 | 104 | 9.8 | 9.7 | 0.1 | 1.32 | 512,918 |
1995 | 1,987,505 | 18,980 | 18,968 | 12 | 9.5 | 9.5 | 0.0 | 1.29 | 515,495 |
1996 | 1,991,169 | 18,788 | 18,620 | 168 | 9.4 | 9.4 | 0.1 | 1.28 | 516,639 |
1997 | 1,986,848 | 18,165 | 18,928 | -763 | 9.1 | 9.5 | -0.4 | 1.25 | 516,407 |
1998 | 1,982,603 | 17,856 | 19,039 | -1,183 | 9.0 | 9.6 | -0.6 | 1.23 | 516,296 |
1999 | 1,985,557 | 17,533 | 18,885 | -1,352 | 8.8 | 9.5 | -0.7 | 1.21 | 516,261 |
2000 | 1,990,272 | 18,180 | 18,588 | -408 | 9.1 | 9.3 | -0.2 | 1.26 | 515,258 |
2001 | 1,992,035 | 17,477 | 18,508 | -1,031 | 8.8 | 9.3 | -0.5 | 1.21 | 512,358 |
2002 | 1,995,718 | 17,501 | 18,701 | -1,200 | 8.8 | 9.4 | -0.6 | 1.21 | 510,692 |
2003 | 1,996,773 | 17,321 | 19,451 | -2,130 | 8.7 | 9.7 | -1.1 | 1.21 | 507,713 |
2004 | 1,997,004 | 17,961 | 18,523 | -562 | 9.0 | 9.3 | -0.3 | 1.25 | 504,530 |
2005 | 2,001,114 | 18,157 | 18,825 | -668 | 9.1 | 9.4 | -0.3 | 1.26 | 500,449 |
2006 | 2,008,516 | 18,932 | 18,180 | 752 | 9.4 | 9.1 | 0.4 | 1.32 | 496,853 |
2007 | 2,019,406 | 19,823 | 18,584 | 1,239 | 9.8 | 9.2 | 0.6 | 1.39 | 491,536 |
2008 | 2,022,629 | 21,817 | 18,308 | 3,509 | 10.8 | 9.1 | 1.7 | 1.54 | 486,506 |
2009 | 2,042,335 | 21,856 | 18,750 | 3,106 | 10.7 | 9.2 | 1.5 | 1.54 | 483,680 |
2010 | 2,049,261 | 22,343 | 18,609 | 3,734 | 10.9 | 9.1 | 1.8 | 1.58 | 479,815 |
2011 | 2,052,496 | 21,947 | 18,699 | 3,248 | 10.7 | 9.1 | 1.6 | 1.57 | 474,646 |
2012 | 2,056,262 | 21,938 | 19,257 | 2,681 | 10.7 | 9.4 | 1.3 | 1.59 | 469,442 |
2013 | 2,059,114 | 21,111 | 19,334 | 1,777 | 10.3 | 9.4 | 0.9 | 1.55 | 463,138 |
2014 | 2,061,623 | 21,165 | 18,886 | 2,279 | 10.3 | 9.2 | 1.1 | 1.58 | 456,811 |
2015 | 2,063,077 | 20,641 | 19,834 | 807 | 10.0 | 9.6 | 0.4 | 1.58 | 450,224 |
2016 | 2,064,241 | 20,345 | 19,689 | 656 | 9.9 | 9.5 | 0.3 | 1.59 | 443,390 |
2017 | 2,066,161 | 20,241 | 20,509 | -268 | 9.8 | 9.9 | -0.1 | 1.62 | 436,478 |
2018[4] | 2,070,050 | 19,585 | 20,485 | -900 | 9.5 | 9.9 | -0.4 | 1.61 | 430,225 |
2019[5][6][7] | 2,089,310 | 19,328 | 20,588 | -1,260 | 9.3 | 9.9 | -0.6 | 1.61 | 428,255 |
2020p[8] | 2,100,126 | 18,363 | 23,891 | -5,528 | 8.7 | 11.4 | -2.6 | 426,155 | |
Average population | Live births | Deaths | Natural change | Crude birth rate (per 1000) | Crude death rate (per 1000) | Natural change (per 1000) | Total fertility rate | Female fertile population (15–49 years) | |
Total 1950-2019 | 1,763,557 | 1,263,851 | 499,706 | 950.8 | 681.4 | 269.4 | |||
Average 1950-2019 | 1,854,869 | 25,194 | 18,055 | 7,139 | 13.6 | 9.7 | 3.8 | 1.86 | 462,330 |
Current vital statistics
editarPeriod | Live births | Deaths | Natural increase |
---|---|---|---|
January - April 2020 | 5,805 | 7,461 | -1,656 |
January - April 2021 | 5,788 | 8,176 | -2,388 |
Difference | -17 (-0.29%) | +715 (+9.58%) | -732 |
Expectativas de Vida
editarPeriod | Life expectancy in
Years[11] |
---|---|
1950–1955 | 65.60 |
1955–1960 | 67.88 |
1960–1965 | 69.15 |
1965–1970 | 69.17 |
1970–1975 | 69.81 |
1975–1980 | 70.97 |
1980–1985 | 71.21 |
1985–1990 | 72.69 |
1990–1995 | 73.74 |
1995–2000 | 75.26 |
2000–2005 | 76.66 |
2005–2010 | 78.55 |
2010–2015 | 80.31 |
Inmigración
editarLa inmigración es de origen principalmente balcánico, siendo los bosnios el principal grupo actual.
Rank | Nationality | Population (2020) |
---|---|---|
1 | Bosnia y Herzegovina | 73,179 |
2 | Kosovo | 19,577 |
3 | Serbia | 16,243 |
4 | Macedonia del norte | 13,324 |
5 | Croacia | 10,111 |
6 | Bulgaria | 3,597 |
7 | Rusia | 3,261 |
8 | Italia | 2,509 |
9 | Ucrania | 2,284 |
10 | China | 1,322 |
11 | Alemania | 923 |
12 | Montenegro | 861 |
13 | Hungría | 688 |
14 | Reino Unido | 546 |
15 | Eslovaquia | 469 |
16 | Estados Unidos | 454 |
17 | Austria | 442 |
18 | Rumania | 441 |
19 | Tailandia | 311 |
20 | Francia | 302 |
Ciudades
editarLas mayores ciudades de Eslovenia, en función de su número de habitantes son:
Nombre | Región | Habitantes (a 1 de enero de 2013) | |
1. Liubliana | Eslovenia Central | 274.826 | |
2. Máribor | Drava | 94.809 | |
3. Celje | Savinia | 50.039 | |
4. Kranj | Alta Carniola | 37.129 | |
5. Velenje | Savinia | 25.456 | |
6. Koper/Capodistria | Litoral-Karst | 24.996 | |
7. Novo Mesto | Eslovenia Sudoriental | 23.341 | |
8. Ptuj | Drava | 18.164 | |
9. Trbovlje | Zasavie | 14.977 | |
10. Kamnik | Eslovenia Central | 13.608 |
Notas
editar- ↑ «Number of population and natural change of population by YEAR and MEASURES». Statistical Office. Consultado el 18 de junio de 2017.
- ↑ [1]
- ↑ «Special Eurobarometer 493, European Union: European Commission, September 2019, pages 229-230». ec.europa.eu (en inglés). Consultado el 3 de octubre de 2020.
- ↑ «Demographic events, Slovenia, 2018».
- ↑ «Population, Slovenia, 1 July 2019».
- ↑ «Births, 2019».
- ↑ «Deaths, 2019».
- ↑ «18,363 live births and 23,891 deaths in 2020».
- ↑ «Live births by day of birth, Slovenia, monthly».
- ↑ «Deaths by day of death, Slovenia, monthly».
- ↑ «World Population Prospects - Population Division - United Nations». esa.un.org. Consultado el 26 de agosto de 2018.
- ↑ https://pxweb.stat.si/SiStatDb/pxweb/en/10_Dem_soc/10_Dem_soc__05_prebivalstvo__15_sestava_preb__05_05E10_drzavljanstvo/05E1008S.px/